Systematic Reviews of Treatments for Respiratory Conditions in Childhood

Follow the links below to find summaries of systematic reviews of the evidence for the effectiveness of treatments for respiratory conditions in childhood.

Created November 2007

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118 Resources Found
Results 1 to 20 displayed.
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Title:   Nebulized hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Acute viral bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants, but the standard treatment remains supportive care. This review was conducted to assess the effects of nebulized hypertonic saline, which can increase clearance o...
Date:   Nov 2007
Title:   Cromolyn sodium for the prevention of chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Preterm babies (babies born before 37 weeks gestation) often need to be given oxygen for lung problems for many weeks because of chronic lung disease. This is due, in part, to inflammation (swelling) within the lungs. Theoretically, cromolyn sodium is a...
Date:   Nov 2000
Title:   Partial liquid ventilation for the prevention of mortality and morbidity in paediatric acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Severely ill children can get severe lung disease that stops enough oxygen getting into the blood - this is called acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. About half of these children die. To improve the supply of oxygen to the body an...
Date:   Jul 2004
Title:   Positioning for acute respiratory distress in hospitalised infants and children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Infants and children with respiratory distress may potentially be more comfortable and breathe more easily when placed in positions other than lying on their back, such as being supported over someone's shoulder, sitting upright or on their tummies with...
Date:   Feb 2005
Title:   Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure or continuous positive airway pressure for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Observational studies suggest continuous negative extrathoracic pressure (CNEP) might help children with acute respiratory failure and shortage of oxygen receive adequate blood oxygen, but more trials are needed Several treatments are used to help incre...
Date:   Oct 2007
Title:   High-frequency ventilation versus conventional ventilation for treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   No significant difference was found in outcomes when comparing high-frequency ventilation with conventional ventilation for treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients with acute lung injury and acute respirato...
Date:   Oct 2003
Title:   Corticosteroids for the prevention and treatment of post-extubation stridor in neonates, children and adults
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   When people in intensive care need assistance breathing, they may need to have a breathing tube inserted down through their windpipe (trachea or airway - the passage to the lungs). After it is taken out (extubation), the airways can be swollen (inflamed...
Date:   Jan 2008
Title:   Anticholinergics for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Children with non-specific cough, (non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable chest disease) are commonly treated with a variety of medications for control of cough symptoms. This review examined the effect of inhaled anti-cholinergic drugs in ...
Date:   Mar 2008
Title:   Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Systemic glucocorticoids (for example prednisone), have known anti-inflammatory effects, and have been used in young children with acute viral bronchiolitis for over 40 years. A meta-analysis found 13 studies involving 1,198 affected children. No benefi...
Date:   May 2004
Title:   Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Acute cough is a common and troublesome symptom in people who suffer from acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Many people self-prescribe over-the-counter (OTC) cough preparations and health practitioners often recommend their use for the ini...
Date:   Sep 2007
Title:   Inhaled cromones for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Children with non-specific cough (coughing not due to a diagnosed respiratory disease), are commonly treated with a variety of medications to treat the symptoms of cough. This review examined whether there was any evidence for children with non-specific...
Date:   Nov 2003
Title:   Inhaled corticosteroids during acute bronchiolitis in the prevention of post-bronchiolitic wheezing
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Bronchiolitis is a very common, predominantly viral, infection of the lower airways in young children, causing respiratory distress and wheezing. Many children have recurrent attacks of wheezing for more than two years after experiencing bronchiolitis. ...
Date:   Oct 2006
Title:   Interventions for recurrent idiopathic epistaxis (nosebleeds) in children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Nosebleeds in children usually just stop by themselves or after pinching the nose. However some children get repeated nosebleeds with no specific cause (recurrent idiopathic epistaxis). The most common treatments are cautery and/or antiseptic cream. Cau...
Date:   Nov 2003
Title:   Anti-histamines for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Children with non-specific cough are commonly treated with a variety of medications to treat the symptom of cough. The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-histamines in children with prolonged cough that is not related to an underlying respiratory disease.
Date:   Apr 2008
Title:   Short-course versus long-course antibiotic therapy for non-severe community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 59 months
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Pneumonia is a major cause of mortality in children under five years of age. Treatment of pneumonia requires the use of an effective antibiotic in adequate doses for an appropriate duration. In most cases, treatment ranges between 7 and 14 days, but thi...
Date:   Apr 2008
Title:   Oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   The common treatment for OSAS in childhood is adenotonsillectomy. This approach is limited by recurrence that can be associated with craniofacial problems. Oral/functional orthopaedic appliances have been used for patients who have OSAS and craniofacial...
Date:   Feb 2007
Title:   Chest radiograph in acute respiratory infections
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Chest X-rays are often used to try and determine whether a person has pneumonia. But it was not clear whether this helps the person recover faster. Two trials were found. One trial tested chest X-rays in 522 children who had symptoms for less than two w...
Date:   Sep 2007
Title:   Vitamin A supplementation for cystic fibrosis
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Cystic fibrosis can cause certain vitamins, such as vitamin A, to be inadequately absorbed leading to problems caused by vitamin deficiency. Lack of vitamin A (vitamin A deficiency) can cause specific problems such as eye and skin problems. It can also ...
Date:   Apr 2008
Title:   Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), especially pneumonia and bronchiolitis, are leading causes of mortality in children up to five years of age. The Global Burden of Disease 2000 project estimated that the annual number of acute respirator...
Date:   Sep 2007
Title:   Oral non steroid anti-inflammatories for children and adults with bronchiectasis
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Infection and inflammation play an important role in the symptomatology and disease progression in patients with bronchiectasis. Anti inflammatory drugs may reduce the inflammatory cascade and thus may be beneficial in people with bronchiectasis. Using ...
Date:   Jul 2007
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