Systematic Reviews of Interventions for Birth Complications

Follow the links below to find systematic reviews of the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions for birth complications.

Reviewed March 2009

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93 Resources Found
Results 1 to 20 displayed.
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Title:   Fundal pressure during the second stage of labour
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Fundal pressure involves using the hands (manual fundal pressure) to push on the upper part of the uterus and down toward the birth canal. It is used during the second stage of labour to shorten the labour and assist in vaginal birth, either as routine ...
Date:   May 2009
Title:   Tocolysis for preventing fetal distress in second stage of labour
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Tocolytics are drugs that reduce contractions and delay labour. Betamimetic tocolytic drugs affect the smooth muscles of the womb (uterus) and may be suggested to a woman during labour if the baby is showing signs of stress (such as an unusual heartbeat...
Date:   May 2009
Title:   Maternity waiting facilities for improving maternal and neonatal outcome in low-resource countries
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   The chances of women dying because of complications of pregnancy and childbirth are still high in many parts of the world. The main direct causes of maternaland perinatal deaths are unsafe abortion, eclampsia, haemorrhage, obstructed labour, infections...
Date:   Apr 2009
Title:   Cervical assessment by ultrasound for preventing preterm delivery
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Preterm birth before 37 weeks is the main cause of death and disability for neonates. The lower part of the uterus, called the cervix, is the passage through which births, including preterm, occur. Ultrasound performed through the vagina can detect earl...
Date:   Feb 2009
Title:   Elective caesarean section versus expectant management for delivery of the small baby
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   There is not enough evidence to show the effects of elective caesarean delivery rather than expectant management for small babies....
Date:   Feb 2009
Title:   Maintenance therapy with oxytocin antagonists for inhibiting preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Preterm labour is indicated by regular contractions of the uterus and changes in the cervix (the opening of the womb) before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Preterm labour and birth may be associated with illness or death of the baby, and often place a substant...
Date:   Jan 2009
Title:   Outpatient versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Up to a quarter of pregnant women may need their labour started artificially, or induced, with the use of medication or by other means. With most methods of induction it takes some time for labour to actually start. This means that it may be more conven...
Date:   Dec 2008
Title:   Early amniotomy and early oxytocin for prevention of, or therapy for, delay in first stage spontaneous labour compared with routine care
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Caesarean section rates have increased substantially since the early 1970s; many women having their first babies are older and this may contribute to ineffective or difficult labor, most often because of inadequate uterine action (dystocia). The Active ...
Date:   Nov 2008
Title:   Magnesium sulphate for women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of the fetus
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Magnesium sulphate given to women at risk of preterm birth helps to protect the baby's brain and improve long-term outcomes....
Date:   Nov 2008
Title:   Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   The third stage of labour is the period from birth of the baby to the expulsion of the placenta and membranes. As the placenta separates, there is inevitably some blood loss from the placental site until the muscles of the uterus clamp the blood vessels...
Date:   Aug 2008
Title:   Episiotomy for vaginal birth
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Episiotomy is done to prevent severe perineal tears, but its routine use has been questioned. The relative effects of midline compared with midlateral episiotomy are unclear.
Title:   Traditional birth attendant training for improving health behaviours and pregnancy outcomes
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   In the developing world, many women give birth at home assisted by family members or traditional birth attendants (TBAs). TBAs lack formal training and governments and other organizations have conducted training programs to improve their skills. There i...
Date:   Jun 2008
Title:   Trial of instrumental delivery in theatre versus immediate caesarean section for anticipated difficult assisted births
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Most women give birth spontaneously, but some need assistance during the second stage of labour with obstetric forceps or the vacuum. The rates of instrumental vaginal births range from 5% to 20% of all births in high-income countries, with little infor...
Date:   May 2008
Title:   Midwife-led versus other models of care for childbearing women
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Midwife-led care confers benefits for pregnant women and their babies and is recommended....
Date:   May 2008
Title:   Oestrogens alone or with amniotomy for cervical ripening or induction of labour
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   There is not enough evidence, from randomised controlled trials, to show the effects and safety of oestrogen to ripen the cervix and help bring on labour. ...
Date:   Apr 2008
Title:   Effect of partogram use on outcomes for women in spontaneous labour at term
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   A partogram is a pre-printed form, the aim of which is to provide a pictorial overview of labour to plot progress in labour and to alert health professionals to any problems with the mother or baby. It has been unclear whether a partogram should be used...
Date:   Mar 2008
Title:   Uterine massage for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Bleeding from the genital tract after childbirth (postpartum haemorrhage) is a major cause of maternal mortality and disability in under-resourced areas with poor access to health services. It is the leading cause of maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Af...
Date:   Mar 2008
Title:   Rapid versus stepwise negative pressure application for vacuum extraction assisted vaginal delivery
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Assisted vaginal delivery is an important part of obstetric care. Indications for its use include prolonged second stage of labour, actual or potential fetal compromise or distress and to shorten labour. The established method is to grasp the fetal head...
Date:   Mar 2008
Title:   Package of care for active management in labour for reducing caesarean section rates in low-risk women
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Many countries have an increasing rate of caesarean section. Higher rates do not always give additional health gains, they can increase maternal risks and affect subsequent pregnancies. Active management of labour has been proposed to reduce the number ...
Date:   Feb 2008
Title:   Fetal fibronectin testing for reducing the risk of preterm birth
Publisher:   John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. for The Cochrane Collaboration
Description:   Preterm birth before 37 weeks is the main cause of death and sickness for newborn infants. While most women have preterm labor symptoms such as contractions before having a preterm birth, most such women with symptoms deliver at term (greater than or eq...
Date:   Jan 2008
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